# Semax Research References — Full Citation List

> Full reference list for all citations used on Semax Reviews: 17 peer-reviewed studies with DOI, PMID, and PubMed/PMC links. Sorted by finding number.

All 17 peer-reviewed studies cited across this site, with DOI and PubMed links for direct source verification.

## Peer-reviewed citations

The following citations cover all studies referenced across this site. Every quantitative claim — dose values, gene counts, effect sizes, time points — is traceable to one of these indexed primary sources.

All links point to PubMed, PubMed Central, or the original journal record. Outbound links go to PubMed, PMC, and publisher DOIs only — no secondary sources, no commercial sites.

See the full references_index in this document for the complete citation set.

## References

[1] Dolotov OV, et al. Semax, an analogue of adrenocorticotropin (4-10), binds specifically and increases levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor protein in rat basal forebrain. Neuroscience. 2006;141(4):1861-1871. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16635254/
[2] Agapova TY, Agniullin YV, Shadrina MI, Shram SI, Slominsky PA, Lymborska SA, Myasoedov NF. Neurotrophin gene expression in rat brain under the action of Semax, an analogue of ACTH 4-10. Neuroscience Letters. 2007;417(2):201-205. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17353092/
[3] Dmitrieva VG, Povarova OV, Skvortsova VI, Limborska SA, Myasoedov NF, Dergunova LV. Semax and Pro-Gly-Pro Activate the Transcription of Neurotrophins and Their Receptor Genes after Cerebral Ischemia. Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology. 2009;30(1):71-80. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11498467/
[4] Sudarkina OY, Filippenkov IB, Stavchansky VV, Dergunova LV. Brain Protein Expression Profile Confirms the Protective Effect of the ACTH(4-7)PGP Peptide (Semax) in a Rat Model of Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021;22(12):6179. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8226508/
[5] Medvedeva EV, Dmitrieva VG, Povarova OV, Limborska SA, Skvortsova VI, Myasoedov NF, Dergunova LV. The peptide semax affects the expression of genes related to the immune and vascular systems in rat brain focal ischemia: genome-wide transcriptional analysis. BMC Genomics. 2014;15:228. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3987924/
[6] Filippenkov IB, Stavchansky VV, Denisova AE, Yuzhakov VV, Sevan'kaeva LE, Sudarkina OY, Dmitrieva VG, Gubsky LV, Myasoedov NF, Limborska SA, Dergunova LV. Novel Insights into the Protective Properties of ACTH(4-7)PGP (Semax) Peptide at the Transcriptome Level Following Cerebral Ischaemia-Reperfusion in Rats. Genes (Basel). 2020;11(6):681. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7350263/
[7] Filippenkov IB, Remizova JA, Stavchansky VV, Denisova AE, Gubsky LV, Myasoedov NF, Limborska SA, Dergunova LV. Synthetic Adrenocorticotropic Peptides Modulate the Expression Pattern of Immune Genes in Rat Brain following the Early Post-Stroke Period. Genes (Basel). 2023;14(7):1382. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10379992/
[8] Romanova GA, Silachev DN, Shakova FM, Kvashennikova YN, Viktorov IV, Shram SI, Myasoedov NF. Neuroprotective and antiamnesic effects of Semax during experimental ischemic infarction of the cerebral cortex. Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine. 2006;142(3):341-343. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17603664/
[9] Sciacca MFM, Naletova I, Giuffrida ML, Attanasio F. Semax, a Synthetic Regulatory Peptide, Affects Copper-Induced Abeta Aggregation and Amyloid Formation in Artificial Membrane Models. ACS Chemical Neuroscience. 2022;13(5):784-796. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8855339/
[10] Inozemtseva LS, Yatsenko KA, Glazova NYu, Kamensky AA, Myasoedov NF, Levitskaya NG, Grivennikov IA, Dolotov OV. Antidepressant-like and antistress effects of the ACTH(4-10) synthetic analogs Semax and Melanotan II on male rats in a model of chronic unpredictable stress. European Journal of Pharmacology. 2024;985:177068. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39442746/
[11] Radchenko AI, Kuzubova EV, Apostol AA, et al. The Potential of the Peptide Drug Semax and Its Derivative for Correcting Pathological Impairments in the Animal Model of Alzheimer's Disease. Acta Naturae. 2025;17(1). https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12755871/
[12] Liu R, Chen Y, Huang H, Li X, Lv J, Jiang L, Jiang H, Wu C, Chen W, Xu H, Zhu Z, Cai H, Xiao J, Yin L, Ni W. Semax peptide targets the mu opioid receptor gene Oprm1 to promote deubiquitination and functional recovery after spinal cord injury in female mice. British Journal of Pharmacology. 2025. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40692165/
[13] Shevchenko KV, Nagaev IYu, Alfeeva LYu, Andreeva LA, Kamenskiy AA, Levitskaya NG, Shevchenko VP, Grivennikov IA, Myasoedov NF. Kinetics of Semax penetration into the brain and blood of rats after its intranasal administration. Bioorganicheskaya Khimiya (Bioorganic Chemistry). 2006;32(1):46-51. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16523722/
[14] Volodina MA, Sebentsova EA, Glazova NYu, Manchenko DM, Inozemtseva LS, Dolotov OV, Andreeva LA, Levitskaya NG, Kamensky AA, Myasoedov NF. Correction of Long-Lasting Negative Effects of Neonatal Isolation in White Rats Using Semax. Acta Naturae. 2012;4(3):110-115. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3372995/
[15] Deigin VI, et al. Development of Peptide Biopharmaceuticals in Russia. Pharmaceutics. 2022;14(4):716. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9030433/
[16] Kamensky AA, et al. Semax, an ACTH(4-10) analogue with nootropic properties, activates dopaminergic and serotoninergic brain systems in rodents. Neuroscience Letters. 2006;393(1):43-47. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16362768/
[17] Filippenkov IB, et al. The Peptide Drug ACTH(4-7)PGP (Semax) Suppresses mRNA Transcripts Encoding Proinflammatory Mediators Induced by Reversible Ischemia of the Rat Brain. Doklady Biochemistry and Biophysics. 2021;499(1):215-218. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34097675/
[18] Shevchenko KV, et al. Stability of Semax acetyl to proteolysis in various biological media. Dokl Biol Sci. 2013;449:98-100. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23652441/
[19] Effect of the heptapeptide Semax on the human electroencephalogram. Biull Eksp Biol Med. 1996;121(1):26-30. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8679991/
[20] Evaluation of therapeutic effect of new Russian drug semax in optic nerve disease. Vestn Oftalmol. 2000;116(1):54-57. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10741256/
[21] Functional Connectomic Approach to Studying Selank and Semax Effects. Dokl Biol Sci. 2020;490(1):11-14. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32342318/
[22] Kost NV, et al. Semax and selank inhibit the enkephalin-degrading enzymes from human serum. Bioorg Khim (Russ J Bioorg Chem). 2001;27(3):180-183. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11443939/

---

An interactive digest of peer-reviewed research — not a clinic, not a vendor, not medical advice.